Hypertension Comorbidity (Adult Inpatient)
Clinical Description
- Care of the hospitalized patient with a known diagnosis of hypertension.
Key Information
- Patients with hypertension rarely have signs or symptoms, even when pressures are dangerously high. For this reason, they may interpret medication or risk factor modification unnecessary.
- Systolic and diastolic values that reflect classifications of hypertension vary depending on international guidelines used.
Clinical Goals
By transition of careA. The patient will achieve the following goals:
Blood Pressure in Desired Range
- Education: Comorbidity: Self-Management
Correlate Health Status
Correlate health status to:
- history, comorbidity
- age, developmental level
- sex, gender identity
- baseline assessment data
- physiologic status
- response to medication and interventions
- psychosocial status, social determinants of health
- barriers to accessing care and services
- health literacy
- cultural and spiritual preferences
- safety risks
- family interaction
- plan for transition of care
Hypertension Comorbidity
Signs/Symptoms/Presentation
- known history of hypertension
- maintenance medication use
Problem Intervention
Maintain Blood Pressure Management
- Evaluate adherence to home antihypertensive regimen (e.g., exercise and activity, diet modification, medication).
- Provide scheduled antihypertensive medication; consider administration time and effects (e.g., avoid giving diuretic prior to bedtime).
- Monitor response to antihypertensive medication therapy (e.g., blood pressure, electrolyte levels, medication effects).
- Minimize risk of orthostatic hypotension; encourage caution with position changes, particularly if elderly.
Associated Documentation
- Medication Review/Management
- Syncope Management
Education
CPG-Specific Education Topics
Comorbidity: Self-Management
adherence to disease management plan
when to seek medical attention
General Education Topics
General Education
admission, transition of care
orientation to care setting, routine
advance care planning
diagnostic tests/procedures
diet modification
opioid medication management
oral health
medication management
pain assessment process
safe medication disposal
tobacco use, smoke exposure
treatment plan
Safety Education
call light use
equipment/home supplies
fall prevention
harm prevention
infection prevention
MDRO (multidrug-resistant organism) care
personal health information
resources for support
References
- Abegaz, T. M.; Shehab, A.; Gebreyohannes, E. A.; Bhagavathula, A. S.; Elnour, A. A. Nonadherence to antihypertensive drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 2017, January;96(4), e5641. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000005641 [Metasynthesis,Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Abegaz, T. M.; Shehab, A.; Gebreyohannes, E. A.; Bhagavathula, A. S.; Elnour, A. A. Nonadherence to antihypertensive drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 2017, January;96(4), e5641. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000005641 [Metasynthesis,Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2016, October). Blood Pressure Control. [Review Articles,Expert/Committee Opinion,Core Curriculum,Position Statements,Practice Bulletins]
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2016, October). Blood Pressure Control. [Review Articles,Expert/Committee Opinion,Core Curriculum,Position Statements,Practice Bulletins]
- Foroumandi, E.; Kheirouri, S.; Alizadeh, M.. The potency of education programs for management of blood pressure through increasing self-efficacy of hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Patient Education and Counseling. 2020;(103), 451-461. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2019.09.018 [Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Graudal, N.; Jurgens, G.; Baslund, B.; Alderman, M. H. Compared with usual sodium intake, low- and excessive-sodium diets are associated with increased mortality: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Hypertension. 2014;27(9), 1129-1137. doi:10.1093/ajh/hpu028 [Metasynthesis,Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Hawkins, G. C.; Rao, S. G.; Vaccarino, V.; Mohammed, K. A. Effects of different dietary interventions on blood pressure. Hypertension. 2016;67, 733-739. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06853 [Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
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- Ignatavicius, D. D.; Workman, M. L.; Rebar, C. R. (2018). Medical-surgical nursing: Concepts for interprofessional collaborative care. St. Louis: Elsevier. [Review Articles,Expert/Committee Opinion,Core Curriculum,Position Statements,Practice Bulletins]
- Liu, L-S.; Wu, Z.; Wang, J.; Wang, W. 2018 Chinese guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension a report of the revision committee of Chinese guidelines for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Journal of Geriatric Cardiology. 2019;16, 182-241. [Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- Musini, V. M.; Tejani, A. M.; Bassett, K.; Puil, L.; Wright, J. M.. Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in adults 60 years or older. Cochrane Database of Sytstematic Reviews. 2019;(6) doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000028.pub3 [Systematic Review]
- National Committee for Quality Assurance. (2017). NQF 0018. Controlling high blood pressure. Source[Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- National Heart Foundation of Australia. (2016). Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults. Melbourne: National Heart Foundation of Australia. [Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2019). Hypertension in adults; Diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG136]. Source[Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2019). Hypertension in adults; Diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG136]. Source[Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
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- Rabi, D. M.; McBrien, K. A.; Sapir-Pichhadze, R.; Makhla, M.; Ahmed, S. B.; Dumanski, S. M.; et al.. Hypertension Canada's 2020 comprehensive guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of hypertension in adults and children. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 2020;36, 596-624. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.086 [Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- Reboussin, D. M.; Allen, N. B.; Griswold, M. E.; Guallar, E.; Hong, Y.; Lackland, D. T.; Miller, E. R.; Polonsky, T.; Thompson-Paul, A. M.; Vupputuri, S. Systematic review for the 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension. 2018;71, e116-e135. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000067 [Metasynthesis,Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Seravalle, G.; Grassi, G. Obesity and hypertension. Pharmacological Research. 2017;122, 1-7. Source[Review Articles]
- Strilchuk, L.; Cincione, R. I.; Fogacci, F.; Cicero A. F. G. Dietary interventions in blood pressure lowering: current evidence in 2020. Kardiologia Polska. 2020;78(7-8), 659-666. doi:10.33963/KP.15468 [Review Articles]
- Vondracek, S.; Scoular, S.; Patel, T. Management of severe asymptomatic hypertension in the hospitalized patient. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension. 2016;10(12), 974. doi:10.1016/j.jash.2016.10.008 [Review Articles,Expert/Committee Opinion,Core Curriculum,Position Statements,Practice Bulletins]
- Weiss, J.; Kerfoot, A.; Freeman, M.; Motu'apuaka, M.; Fu, R.; Low, A.; Paynter, R.; Kondo, K.; Kansagara, D. (2015). Benefits and harms of treating blood pressure in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Washington, D. C.: Department of Veterans Affairs; Health Services Research & Development Service. [Metasynthesis,Meta-analysis,Systematic Review]
- Whelton, P. K.; Carey, R. M.; Aronow, W. S.; Casey, D. E.; Collins, K. J.; Dennison Himmelfarb, C.; DePalma, S. M.; Gidding, S.; Jamerson, K. A.; Jones, D. W.; MacLaughlin, E. J.; Muntner, P.; Ovbiagele, B.; Smith, S. C.; Spencer, C. C.; Stafford, R. S.; Taler, S. J.; Thomas, R. J.; Williams Sr., K. A.; Williamson, J. D.; Wright, J. T. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2017; doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.11.006 [Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
- Williams, B.; Mancia, G.; Spiering, W.; Rosei, E. A.; Azizi, M.; Burnier, M.; . . . Desormais, I. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension.. Journal of Hypertenison. 2018;36(10), 1953-2041. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001940 [Quality Measures,Clinical Practice Guidelines]
Disclaimer
Clinical Practice Guidelines represent a consistent/standardized approach to the care of patients with specific diagnoses. Care should always be individualized by adding patient specific information to the Plan of Care.
