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Respiratory distress r1
Hypoxemia (defined by pediatric pneumonia guidelines as sustained saturation less than 90% on room air) r1
Age younger than 3 to 6 months and suspected bacterial community-acquired pneumonia r1
Suspected or documented community-acquired pneumonia caused by potentially virulent pathogen (eg, community-associated MRSA) r1
Moderate (clinical or radiographic evidence of lower airway disease without hypoxia) or severe COVID-19 disease (hypoxia, greater than 50% lung infiltrates, significant tachypnea, or severe respiratory distress) r28d1
Concern about observation at home, inability to comply with therapy, or unavailability for follow-up r1
Empiric antibiotic therapy r1
Pathogen-directed therapy r1
Influenza antiviral therapy r1
SARS-CoV-2 therapy d1
IV fluids c123
Supplemental oxygen c124